Пандемия COVID‑19 и потребление табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции: обзор литературы

Борьба с пандемией COVID‑19 привела к внедрению в странах беспрецедентных мер, включая самоизоляцию, которые оказывали существенное влияние на поведение людей и могли привести к изменению потребления табачных и никотинсодержащих изделий. В статье приводится обзор исследований, посвященных оценке изменения поведения в отношении курения и его влияние на распространенность потребления табака и никотина в обществе в начале пандемии.

М е т о д ы . В обзор было включено 31 опубликованное исследование с данными о курении более 250000 человек из 24 стран мира, в которых изучались следующие аспекты проблемы: связь курения с исходами COVID‑19; выявление факторов, влияющих на курительное поведение, в начале пандемии COVID‑19; изменение распространенности потребления табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции в начале пандемии COVID‑19; действия табачных компаний во время пандемии; влияние дезинформации о связи курения с COVID‑19 на потребителей табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции; действия правительств, направленные на снижение продажи табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции во время пандемии.

Р е з у л ь т а т ы . Все исследователи выявили в начале пандемии неоднозначную реакцию потребителей табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции. В равных долях курильщики увеличивали потребление табака/никотина или снижали интенсивность курения. В меньшей степени потребители бросали курить, но были респонденты, которые сообщили о начале курения из-за пандемии COVID‑19.

З а к л ю ч е н и е . Мониторинг распространенности потребления табачной и никотинсодержащей продукции и влияющих на нее причин в первые периоды пандемии COVID‑19 позволил выявить дополнительные эффективные меры, внедрение которых может предотвратить рост потребления табака и никотина в подобных ситуациях.

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