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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ph</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общественное здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-1676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1274</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21045/2782-1676-2026-6-1-2-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ph-362</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Индекс дружелюбия к детям</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The child-friendliness index</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Намазова-Баранова Лейла Сеймуровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующая кафедрой факультетской педиатрии Института материнства и детства; руководитель НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova – doctor of sciences in medicine, professor, academician of the RAS, head of the department of faculty pediatrics at the Institute of maternity and childhood; of Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p><p>1/6 Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orgkomitet@pediatr-russia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-8112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранов Александр Александрович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, советник руководителя НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr A. Baranov – doctor of sciences in medicine, professor, academician of the RAS, advisor to the head of pediatrics and child Health Research Institute; professor of department of pediatrics and pediatric rheumatology</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranov@pediatr-russia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-0562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishneva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишнева Елена Александровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, заместитель руководителя по науке НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей; профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии Института материнства и детства</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Vishneva – doctor of sciences in medicine, professor RAS, deputy head for science Pediatrics and child health research Institute; professor of the department of faculty pediatrics at the institute of maternity and childhood</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p><p>1/6 Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vishneva.e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-082X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Устинова Наталья Вячеславовна – доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом социальной педиатрии и организации мультидисциплинарного сопровождения детей НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей; главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p><p>5-й Донской проезд, д. 21А, г. Москва, 119334</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Ustinova – doctor of sciences in medicine, head of the department of social pediatrics and organization of multidisciplinary child support of Pediatrics and child health research institut; chief researcher</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p><p>1/6 Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4314-8366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альбицкий</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Albitskiy</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альбицкий Валерий Юрьевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii Yu. Albitskiy – doctor of sciences in medicine, professor, chief researcher of Pediatrics and child health research institute</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">albicky1941@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-2604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шер</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sher</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шер Стелла Абельевна – доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей</p><p>Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stella A. Sher – doctor of sciences in medicine, chief researcher of Pediatrics and child health research institute</p><p>2 Abrikosovsky Lane, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after B. V. Petrovsky; Scientific and Practical Center for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents named after G. E. Sukhareva of the Moscow Department of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after B. V. Petrovsky; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after B. V. Petrovsky; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»; ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after B. V. Petrovsk; Scientific and Practical Center for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents named after G. E. Sukhareva of the Moscow Department of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б. В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after B. V. Petrovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Баранов А.А., Вишнева Е.А., Устинова Н.В., Альбицкий В.Ю., Шер С.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Баранов А.А., Вишнева Е.А., Устинова Н.В., Альбицкий В.Ю., Шер С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Namazova-Baranova L.S., Baranov A.A., Vishneva E.A., Ustinova N.V., Albitskiy V.Y., Sher S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/362">https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/362</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В современном мире термины «индекс дружелюбия к детям» или «индекс детского благополучия» продолжают оставаться не устоявшимися понятиями, что объясняется существованием отличий в подходах к оценке (в том числе страновых и региональных) и различных вариаций в их смысловом наполнении.Цель исследования: провести комплексный анализ становления понятия «индекс детского благополучия» и эволюции инструментов и подходов к его оценке в мировой и отечественной практике.Материалы и методы. На основании доступных источников научной литературы проанализированы специфика и многогранность понятий детского благополучия, дружелюбия к детям, и факторов, их составляющих в реальной жизни, значимых с точки зрения как положения детей в настоящий момент, так и влияющих на их жизнь в будущем, а также валидных индикаторов, позволяющих их оценить.Результаты. Выявлено, что в рамках подходов, которые используются международными организациями, детское благополучие оценивают с точки зрения набора параметров, характеризующих уровень жизни детей сейчас и в будущем – при этом среди таких дефиниций наиболее часто рассматривают: состояние здоровья (физическое и ментальное), образование и развитие, материальное благополучие, поведенческие факторы и субъективную оценку личного благополучия. Важным аспектом является «зашитая» в расшифровку термина дискуссия научного сообщества по наполнению данного понятия. В статье представлены основные мировые практики по оценке благополучия детей, используемые в разных странах, подробно рассмотрена уникальная отечественная система оценки. Подробно рассмотрено становление принципов и методологии – все особенности системы индексов / субиндексов оценки детского благополучия российских детей, сформированные с использованием наилучшего накопленного мирового опыта, с учетом отечественной специфики и ожидаемой доступности данных, в том числе региональных, возможных перспектив развития статистического контроля в области положения детей в России.Заключение. Как мировая практика, так и отечественный опыт определения индекса детского благополучия свидетельствуют о ключевых условиях для получения адекватного результата – привлечении самих детей к оценке их прав и собственного благополучия, одновременном анализе объективных и субъективных показателей. Потенциал динамичного контроля индекса детского благополучия в трансляции полученных результатов для улучшения политики, реализуемой в области детства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. In the modern world, the terms «child friendliness index» or «child well-being index» continue to be unconventional concepts, which is explained by the existence of differences in assessment approaches (including country and regional ones) and various variations in their semantic content.The purpose of the study: to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the formation of the concept of «child welfare index» and the evolution of tools and approaches to its assessment in world and domestic practice.Materials and methods. Based on available sources of scientific literature, the specifics and versatility of the concepts of child welfare, child friendliness, and the factors that make them up in real life are analyzed, which are significant from the point of view of both the current situation of children and those affecting their lives in the future, as well as valid indicators that allow them to be evaluated. Results. It has been revealed that within the framework of approaches used by international organizations, children’s well-being is assessed in terms of a set of parameters characterizing the standard of living of children now and in the future. Among these parameters, the most often considered are: health (physical and mental), education and development, material well-being, behavioral factors and a subjective assessment of personal well-being. An important aspect is the discussion of the scientific community on the content of this concept, which is «sewn» into the decoding of the term. The article presents the main world practices for assessing the well-being of children used in different countries, and examines in detail the unique domestic assessment system. The formation of principles and methodology is considered in detail – all the features of the system of indices / subindexes for assessing the child welfare of Russian children, formed using the best accumulated international experience, taking into account national specifics and the expected availability of data, including regional ones, possible prospects for the development of statistical control in the field of the situation of children in Russia.Conclusion. Both world practice and domestic experience in determining the child well-being index indicate the key conditions for obtaining an adequate result – involving children themselves in assessing their rights and their own well-being, while analyzing objective and subjective indicators. The potential of dynamic monitoring of the child well-being index in the translation of the results obtained to improve the policy implemented in the field of childhood.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>охрана детства</kwd><kwd>права детей</kwd><kwd>индекс дружелюбия к детям</kwd><kwd>индекс детского благополучия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>child protection</kwd><kwd>children’s rights</kwd><kwd>child friendliness index</kwd><kwd>child well-being index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Письмо М. В. Ломоносова графу И. И. Шувалову «О сохранении и размножении российского народа»; автор Михаил Васильевич Ломоносов; дата создания: 1 ноября 1761 г. Источник: М. В. Ломоносов «Избранные философские произведения». Москва: Госполитиздат; 1950. 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