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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ph</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общественное здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-1676</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1274</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21045/2782-1676-2025-5-4-45-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ph-333</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ И КОММУНИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH AND COMMUNICATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Работа во время болезни: распространенность, методы оценки, экономические потери. Систематический обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Work during illness: prevalence, assessment methods and economic loss. A systematic literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-1403</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобякова</surname><given-names>О.   С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobyakova</surname><given-names>O.   S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кобякова Ольга Сергеевна – член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Оlga S. Kobyakova – Corresponding Member of the RAS, Grand PhD in Medical sciences, Professor, Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kobyakovaos@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-8815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канев</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanev </surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канев Александр Федорович – кандидат медицинских наук, аналитик 1 категории отдела аналитики и мониторинга</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr F. Kanev – PhD in Medical sciences, analyst of the 1st category, Analyst at the department of analysis and monitoring</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanev.af@ssmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1896-6420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куракова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurakova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куракова Наталия Глебовна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая отделом аналитики и мониторинга</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya G. Kurakova – Grand PhD in Biological sciences, Head of the department of analysis and monitoring</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">idmz@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6567-4235</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармина</surname><given-names>Р.  Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmina</surname><given-names>R.   L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кармина Раиса Леонидовна – заведующая научно-техническим и редакционным отделом</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raisa L. Karmina – Head of the Scientific, Technical and Editorial Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karminarl@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кобякова О. ., Канев А.Ф., Куракова Н.Г., Кармина Р.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кобякова О. ., Канев А.Ф., Куракова Н.Г., Кармина Р.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kobyakova O. ., Kanev  A.F., Kurakova N.G., Karmina R. .</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/333">https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/333</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. По причине временной нетрудоспособности работников Российская Федерация ежегодно теряет около 4% ВВП. Особенно большую проблему для экономики страны и медицины труда представляет такое явление как презентеизм – присутствие на рабочем месте во время болезни – который создает риски экономического ущерба для работодателя и риски потерь здоровья для экономически активного населения страны. При этом феномен презентеизма остается малоизученным во всем мире. Актуальности проблеме добавляет существенная вариативность результатов различных методов оценки данного явления. Недостаток понимания частоты их применения, корреляции и влияния на выбор подходов препятствует как межисследовательским сравнениям, так и созданию унифицированных стратегий и рекомендаций по профилактике и снижению экономических потерь, связанных с презентеизмом. Цель исследования: систематизация данных о распространенности, методах оценки и экономическом бремени презентеизма и анализ их региональных особенностей. Материалы и методы. Систематический обзор подготовлен в соответствии с правилами PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Поиск литературы проводился в базах данных PubMed, Scopus и Elibrary. В обзор включены 84 оригинальные статьи, опубликованные на английском и русском языках в период с января 2020 по июнь 2025 гг. Результаты. Выполнен систематический обзор, который выявил ряд ключевых тенденций и методологических проблем в исследованиях презентеизма. Отмечена выраженная региональная специфика, в частности, акцент европейских исследований на экономических аспектах и финансовых потерях. Подтверждено доминирование опросника WPAI в мировых исследованиях, при этом в азиатских странах (особенно Японии) широко используется WFun, что отражает культурные особенности. Выявлена диспропорция в подходах к формированию выборок: фокус на конкретных нозологиях преобладает в западных странах, тогда как в Китае и Бразилии чаще исследуются определенные сферы деятельности работников. Тематический анализ показал концентрацию на болевых синдромах, а среди профессиональных групп наиболее изученными оказались медицинские работники. Основной методологической проблемой стала крайняя неоднородность способов представления количественных результатов, что существенно затрудняет их сравнение и проведение мета-анализов. Это указывает на острую потребность в разработке единых стандартов отчетности для повышения валидности и сопоставимости данных. Заключение. Анализ литературы выявил существенные методологические вызовы в изучении презентеизма, требующие унификации подходов к его оценке и экономической интерпретации. Предложены наиболее актуальные направления дальнейших исследований, включающие разработку согласительных документов для стандартизации методологии оценки и представления данных, кросс-валидацию существующих шкал, унификацию подходов к экономической оценке, расширение спектра изучаемых нозологий и создание клинических рекомендаций и руководств для практического применения при эффективном управлении проявлениями данного феномена.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Due to temporary disability of employees, Russian Federation annually loses about 4% of GDP. A significant issue for the national economics and occupational health is the problem of presenteeism – attending work while being ill – which poses dangers to the employer’s financial well-being and the health of the country’s working population. However, the phenomenon of presenteeism remains largely unexplored worldwide. The significance of the issue of presenteeism is added by the varying results obtained through different assessment methods. Lack of understanding of their frequency, correlation and influence on the choice of approaches hinders both inter-research comparisons and the creation of unified strategies and recommendations to prevent and reduce economic loss associated with presenteeism. The purpose of the study is to systematize data on the prevalence, assessment methods, and economic burden of presenteeism and analyze their regional characteristics. Materials and methods. The systematic review was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and eLibrary databases. The review includes 84 original articles published in English and Russian between January 2020 and June 2025. Results. The undertaken systematic review has identified a number of key trends and methodological challenges in the research on presenteeism. There is a pronounced regional peculiarity, particularly in European studies, which focus on economic aspects and financial loss. The prevalence of the WPAI questionnaire in global research has been confirmed, while in Asian countries (especially Japan) the WFun scale, reflecting cultural peculiarities, is widely used. There is also a discrepancy in the approach to sampling: the focus on specific nosologies prevails in Western countries, whereas in China and Brazil, certain areas of employee activity are more frequently explored. The thematic analysis shows a focus on pain syndromes, while among the occupation groups, medical workers prevail. An extreme heterogeneity of quantitative result presentation turned out to be the major methodological challenge, significantly complicating comparisons and meta-analyses. This indicates an urgent need to develop uniform reporting standards to improve data validity and comparability. Conclusion. The literature review has identified significant methodological challenges in the research on presenteeism, requiring unification of approaches to its assessment and economic interpretation. The study has proposed the most significant areas for further research, including the development of consensus documents for standardizing assessment methods and data presentation, cross-validation of existing scales, unification of approaches to economic evaluation, expansion of the range of studied nosologies, and the creation of clinical recommendations and guidelines for practical applications to effectively manage presenteeism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономически активное население</kwd><kwd>временная нетрудоспособность</kwd><kwd>презентеизм</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>экономические потери</kwd><kwd>методы оценки</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economically active population</kwd><kwd>temporary disability</kwd><kwd>presenteeism</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>economic loss</kwd><kwd>assessment methods</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study had no sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чернышев В.М., Стрельченко О. 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