phОбщественное здоровьеPublic Health2782-16762949-1274ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России10.21045/2782-1676-2025-5-3-49-63ph-302Research ArticleСОЦИОЛОГИЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ И КОММУНИКАЦИИSOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH AND COMMUNICATIONСтигматизация людей с эпилепсией: история вопроса, оценка бремени и возможности коррекцииStigma in people with epilepsy: an overview of the issue, an evaluation of its burden and possible solutionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1972-9881ГерсамияА. Г.GersamijaA. G.

Герсамия Анна Гулбаатовна – старший научный сотрудник, руководитель психологической службы

г. Москва

Anna G. Gersamija – senior researcher, head of the psychological service

Moscow

aanna187@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-0700РидерФ. К.RiderF. K.

Ридер Флора Кирилловна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделом эпидемиологии, профилактики и организации помощи при пограничных психических расстройствах

г. Москва

Flora K. Rider – PhD in Medical sciences, head of the Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Organization of Care for Borderline Mental Disorders

Moscow

rider_fk@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-3314ЗинчукМ. С.ZinchukM. S.

Зинчук Михаил Сергеевич – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий кризисным (суицидологическим) отделом

г. Москва

Mikhail S. Zinchuk – PhD in Medical sciences, head of the Crisis (Suicidology) Department

Moscow

mzinchuk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-6127ГехтА. Б.GuekhtA. B.

Гехт Алла Борисовна – член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, директор; профессор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики

г. Москва

Alla B. Guekht – Corresponding Member of the RAS, Grand PhD in Medical sciences, Director; professor of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics

Moscow

guekht@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4501-7514СалагайО. О.SalagayO. O.

Салагай Олег Олегович – кандидат медицинских наук, статс-секретарь – заместитель Министра здравоохранения Российской Федерации

г. Москва

Oleg O. Salagay – PhD in Medical sciences, State Secretary – Deputy Minister of Health of the Russian Federation

Moscow

salagayOO@minzdrav.gov.ruГБУЗ «Научно-практический психоневрологический центр имени З. П. Соловьева» Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыРоссияScientific and Practical Psychoneurological Center named after Z. P. SolovyovRussian FederationГБУЗ «Научно-практический психоневрологический центр имени З. П. Соловьева» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияScientific and Practical Psychoneurological Center named after Z. P. Solovyov; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationМинистерство здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияMinistry of health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202514102025534963Copyright © Герсамия А.Г., Ридер Ф.К., Зинчук М.С., Гехт А.Б., Салагай О.О., 20252025Герсамия А.Г., Ридер Ф.К., Зинчук М.С., Гехт А.Б., Салагай О.О.Gersamija A.G., Rider F.K., Zinchuk M.S., Guekht A.B., Salagay O.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/302

Введение. Эпилепсия – одно из крайне распространенных неврологических заболеваний. Бремя эпилепсии складывается как из прямых последствий заболевания, так и из высокой коморбидности с соматическими и психическими расстройствами, высоким по сравнению с общей популяцией суицидальным риском. При этом эпилепсия относится к числу наиболее стигматизирующих болезней центральной нервной системы, что существенно увеличивает риск неблагоприятных клинических и социальных исходов. Цель исследования: синтез современных данных о природе и последствиях стигмы при эпилепсии, а также сравнение подходов к её превенции и коррекции. Материалы и методы. Для достижения поставленной цели авторами был проведён анализ релевантной отечественной и зарубежной литературы, представленной в рецензируемых периодических изданиях и монографиях и посвященной проблеме стигматизации при эпилепсии: как ее историческим аспектам, так и современному состоянию. Результаты. Эпилепсия на протяжении тысячелетий сопровождается множеством мифов, заблуждений и предрассудков. Дискриминация в отношении людей с эпилепсией существует на протяжении веков и не побеждена до сих пор. Это и ограничения в школе, трудности с поиском работы или игнорирование при продвижении по службе, проблемы с вступлением в брак и рождением детей, социальная изоляция со стороны сообщества, дискриминация со стороны семьи и родственников, отказ в праве на участие в общественных мероприятиях. Заключение. Чтобы улучшить социализацию и качество жизни людей с эпилепсией, необходимы совместные усилия органов государственной власти, общественных организаций, руководителей общественного здравоохранения, медицинских работников, а также самих пациентов и их близких.

Introduction. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The burden of epilepsy includes both the direct consequences of the condition and a high rate of comorbid somatic and mental disorders, as well as an increased suicide risk compared with the general population. Additionally, epilepsy is among the most stigmatized diseases of the central nervous system, which significantly raises the likelihood of adverse clinical and social outcomes. The purpose of the study: to synthesize contemporary data on the nature and consequences of stigma in epilepsy and to compare approaches to its prevention and mitigation. Materials and methods. To achieve this objective, the authors analyzed relevant Russian and international literature from peer-reviewed journals and monographs addressing the stigmatization of epilepsy, covering both historical perspectives and the current situation. Results. For millennia, epilepsy has been associated with numerous myths, misconceptions, and prejudices. Discrimination against people with epilepsy has existed for centuries and persists today. Manifestations include restrictions in education, difficulties obtaining employment or being passed over for promotions, problems with marriage and childbearing, social isolation by the community, discrimination from family members, and exclusion from public events. Conclusion. Improving social integration and quality of life for people with epilepsy requires coordinated efforts by government authorities, public organizations, public health leaders, healthcare professionals, patients, and their families.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.