phОбщественное здоровьеPublic Health2782-16762949-1274ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России10.21045/2782-1676-2021-1-2-62-69ph-17Research ArticleФАКТОРЫ РИСКАRISK FACTORSВлияние алкоголя на мужскую репродуктивную системуThe impact of alcohol on the male reproductive systemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-043XАполихинО. И.ApolikhinO. I.

 Аполихин Олег Иванович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор, главный внештатный специалист Минздрава России по репродуктивному здоровью мужчин

г. Москва 

 Oleg I. Apolikhin – D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director,  chief specialist of the Ministry of Health of Russia on male reproductive health 

Moscow

apolikhin.oleg@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9819-6299КраснякС. С.KrasnyakS. S.

 Красняк Степан Сергеевич – научный сотрудник отдела андрологии и репродукции человека

г. Москва 

 Stepan S. Krasnyak – Department of andrology and human reproduction of N.A. Lopatkin Scientific

Moscow

krasnyakss@mail.ruНИИ урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияResearch Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology named after N.A. Lopatkin – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Center of Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation202131082021126269Copyright © Аполихин О.И., Красняк С.С., 20212021Аполихин О.И., Красняк С.С.Apolikhin O.I., Krasnyak S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ph.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/17

Хотя алкоголь употребляется людьми на протяжении многих столетий, его влияние на репродуктивную функцию до сих пор до конца не изучено. В ходе множества исследований изучались эффекты, оказываемые алкоголем на параметры эякулята и мужскую фертильность. Данная статья представляет собой обзор основных доклинических и клинических исследований. Исследования, проведенные на экспериментальных животных, показали, что диета, обогащенная этанолом, вызывает нарушения сперматогенеза, множество отклонений, вовлекающих различные отделы репродуктивного тракта, а также сниженную частоту оплодотворения мышиных ооцитов. Эти эффекты быстро исчезали при прекращении употребления алкоголя. Большинство исследований, изучавших эффекты алкоголя на мужчин, показали его негативное влияние на параметры эякулята. Сообщалось об ассоциации гипотестостеронемии и низкого или повышенного уровня гонадотропинов, что позволяет предположить комбинированный центральный и периферический повреждающий эффект этанола. Таким образом, употребление алкоголя оказывает выраженный отрицательный эффект на параметры эякулята, которые могут быть обратимыми при прекращении употребления алкоголя.

Although alcohol has been consumed by humans for centuries, its effect on reproductive function is still not fully understood. Numerous studies have examined the effects of alcohol on ejaculate parameters and male fertility. This article provides an overview of the main preclinical and clinical studies. Studies in experimental animals have shown that ethanol-rich diets cause spermatogenesis abnormalities, a variety of abnormalities involving different parts of the reproductive tract, and a decreased frequency of fertilization in murine oocytes. These effects quickly disappeared with the cessation of alcohol use. Most of the studies examining the effects of alcohol on men have shown a negative effect on ejaculate parameters. An association of hypogonadism and low or elevated gonadotropin levels has been reported, suggesting a combined central and peripheral damaging effect of ethanol. Thus, alcohol consumption has a pronounced negative effect on ejaculate parameters, which can be reversible upon cessation of alcohol consumption.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.